關於學習和未來的方向，和一些同學們聊天，發現了一些有趣的現象。不論成績好壞，許多人面臨的第一個問題是學習動機和動力，例如休學比率、課堂中對「必考」兩個字無動於衷。
關於學習動機，可以從興趣培養專長。例如想要擔任 (財金) 軟體工程師，建議以下的方向：
- 動手做 Python 專案。
- 閱讀名人傳記和歷史，增加學習的樂趣；也可以從他們的奮鬥過程和人類行為，無形中找到參考的方向；例如洞悉市場的人、Dalio、智慧型股票投資人。或如朱敬一院士所言，「不住相讀書」，自然達到 S. Jobs 所言的 "connect the dots"。培養思辨能力的好書。
- 參加校內校的職涯講座、或者觀看影片，了解其工作內容，幫助找到方向、或者排除不喜歡的。可以自由聆聽每學期的工業工程實務，邀請傑出系友回來分享。人生是多階段不確性環境的決策，職涯講座是有效的探索方式，類似強化學習中探索策略，可以有效找到相對的最佳解。
- 教學特優教師所開的課程。
- 彭建文學長 (工業系所畢業)：研一時，看到指導教授當品管顧問，立志當管理顧問。在神山工作時，花了十年，完成六大項的準備，包含利用五年的周末考取六張證照。恆毅力的最佳實踐。
- 我則是在念研究所時，開始喜歡大學教授的生活，可以教不同的課程和做不一樣題目的研究，而且很自由。到了今天，依然非常喜歡這個工作 (註 1)，而且可以和有志的年輕人一起成長。
- 到 104 搜尋相關的職涯發展，例如量化交易，從最終目標回頭找到自己的方向 (註 2)。
- 閱讀商管資訊：數位時代、商業周刊、哈佛商業評論、Economist。Nice information (by subscription): (Daily) Inside AI at ai@inside.com, (Daily) Inside Tech at tech@inside.com, (Weekly) thebatch@deeplearning.ai。
- 了解知識的前沿，例如 sparse portfolio selection (註 3)，知道所學和真實世界的關聯。如果解決的是困難的問題，好工作 (和薪資) 自然跟著來。
- S. Keshav, How to Read a Paper, CS, University of Cambridge.
- Dennis S. Bernstein, Student Guide
- D. S. Bernstein, A Student's Guide to Research, IEEE Control Systems Magazine, Vol. 19, pp. 102-108, February 1999
- 了解知識之間的關係，例如 Princeton 的 The Operations Research and Financial Engineering (ORFE) department (大學部課程)。
- 透過課本和新聞，加強英文，有廣泛且良好的外溢效果，例如國際觀、公司外派、到國外工作。
- 畢業學長，現在是某公司董事長：我是工業系工廠實習制度的受益人之一。系上規定大三暑期工廠實習必修三學分。我大二、大三暑期都去實習，學到很多實務。對後續課堂上學習效果，提昇很多。感恩師長45年前的用心！
- 轉換跑道：整天抱怨大學讀錯系，不如把時間拿來學習！知識平台創辦人推薦「轉換跑道」必讀的 3 本書。
- 財經系課程。
另外一個方向，就是去了解和思考學習本身的意義與方法。
- 張睿銓，為什麼要上學？，TED
(註 1) 天底下沒有 100% 喜歡的工作。如果有七八成，就算是好工作。
(註 2) 動態規劃 (dynamic programming): Soren Kierkegaard, “Life can only be understood (了解) going backwards (向後), but it must be lived going forwards (向前)."
[中英對照] 賈伯斯對史丹佛大學畢業生演說 Steve Jobs' Stanford Commencement Address 2005
Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college, but it was very, very clear looking backwards 10 years later. Again, you can’t connect the dots looking forward. You can only connect them looking backwards, so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something--your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever--because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and that will make all the difference.
顧淑馨譯，與成功有約：高效能人士的七個習慣，天下文化，2020 (2 以終為始 → 釐清人生定位) (Stephen R. Covey and Sean Covey, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People)
(註3) D. Bertsimas and R. Cory-Wright, A scalable algorithm for sparse portfolio selection, INFORMS Journal on Computing, 2022.
Dimitris Bertsimas is the Boeing Leaders for Global Operations Professor of Management, a Professor of Operations Research, and the Associate Dean for the Master of Business Analytics at MIT.
A faculty member since 1988, his research interests include optimization, stochastic systems, machine learning, and their application. In recent years, he has worked in robust optimization, statistics, healthcare, transportation and finance. Bertsimas was a cofounder of Dynamic Ideas, LLC, which developed portfolio management tools for asset management. In 2002, the assets of Dynamic Ideas were sold to American Express. (age 39) He is also the founder of Dynamic Ideas Press, a publisher of scientific books, the cofounder of Benefits Science, a company that designs health care plans for companies, of Dynamic Ideas Financial, a company that provides financial advice to customers, of Alpha Dynamics, an asset management company, P2 Analytics, an analytics consulting company and of MyA health, a personalized health care advice company.
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