6/21/2018

德國如何改變自己

林育立,歐洲的心臟:德國如何改變自己,衛城出版,2017
本書將談德國在東西德統一後最受矚目的三大領域,政治、能源政策與轉型正義。這是深入瞭解德國,且掌握德國的三個重點。 
本書由駐德資深記者林育立歷經多年採訪而成,以冷靜而熱情的視角,講述的是一個遭遇各種極端困境卻始終勇於面對的國家,從廢墟中重建,重返榮耀的故事。
諶淑婷,為何德國已經轉大人,台灣仍是憤怒不安的青少年?──專訪林育立《歐洲的心臟》,2017-03-16
從1998年開始旅居德國,擔任過駐德代表處的新聞編譯、十年駐德記者,林育立自認是「比較了解德國的台灣人」,但他最討厭的一句話也是「德國好棒棒」。「我們總是在說德國行,為什麼台灣不行?但我們不知道別人怎麼做到的,所以必須爬梳歷史、找出脈絡與背後條件。當我們總是羨慕德國能源政策,也不能忽視台德之間科技水準、環境條件、環保意識的差異。」 

6/19/2018

AI, radiology and the future of work

Economist, AI, radiology and the future of work, Jun 7th 2018
Some AI researchers think that human beings can be dispensed with entirely. “It’s quite obvious that we should stop training radiologists,” said Geoffrey Hinton, an AI luminary, in 2016. In November Andrew Ng, another superstar researcher, when discussing AI’s ability to diagnose pneumonia from chest X-rays, wondered whether “radiologists should be worried about their jobs”. Given how widely applicable machine learning seems to be, such pronouncements are bound to alarm white-collar workers, from engineers to lawyers.... 

超商棄食的原因

董俞佳、沈佩臻,「貨架陳列要有豐富感」超商1年棄食70億元,聯合報,2018-06-19 
國內超商近來被自家加盟主指浪費食物,因總公司規定進貨量須超過銷貨量一定比率,以致每天很多賣不出去的食物被迫丟棄,IFRA中華國際連鎖加盟者交流暨權益促進會上月為此發動陳情行動,提出「進貨適量」、「拒絕強制進貨」等訴求,目前已有逾三百家加盟店加入,盼四大超商總公司能正視浪費食物問題。 
IFRA說,若以每間超商平均每天約丟棄兩千元食物,換算全台超過一萬家超商,等於每年共浪費七十多億元食物。 
但超商業者強調,並無強制進貨,都有採數據分析,依各商圈個別需求輔導店長調整訂購量。 
台灣便利超商密度全球第二,僅次於南韓,走進超商,飯糰、三明治、關東煮、水果等食物琳瑯滿目,甚至有新鮮蔬菜可供選購。但IFRA會長陳縯家說,四大超商總公司常以市場需求,要求店鋪增加進貨,包括銷貨量不可超過進貨量的九成五,形同約有百分之五的進貨可能賣不出去,過期只好丟棄。

6/18/2018

法理與善念

陳玲玉,法理與善念:9個經典案例 看企業化危機為轉機,圓神,2015
特選影響社會、企業與人心的9個知名案例,還原事件前因後果。
以「善念」為經、「法理」為緯,
和大家分享圓滿解決企業與人生困境的心法,
並與台大研究生進行17堂100分鐘的思辨與對話。

6/15/2018

聯電啟動史上最大漲價

張瑞益,聯電啟動史上最大漲價,經濟日報,2018-06-13 
聯電8吋晶圓代工產能供不應求,近期正式漲價,旗下對岸8吋廠和艦並將啟動三年多來最大規模擴產,幅度達15%。業界透露,聯電這次採「一次漲足」,漲幅達二成,漲幅前所未見,加上大動作擴充和艦產能,透露對後市看好。 
聯電昨(12)日舉行股東會,財務長劉啟東會後證實,已啟動「一次性漲價」,主要考量全球8吋晶圓代工產能吃緊,加上先前上游矽晶圓材料不斷漲價,以反映市場機制與成本波動。 
聯電目前產能利用率約95%,整體訂單能見度約二至三個月,4、5月營收均符合預期,本季營運平穩。該公司去年營收1,492億元,創新高,預期今年全球半導體市場年增率可逾10%。儘管目前聯電仍處於調整體質及產品線階段,使得今年成長力道可能低於整體市場,但仍預期可個位數成長,再寫新猷。

6/14/2018

林敏雄打造全聯千店奇蹟

1998年入主全聯後,林敏雄開始巡店,每巡一次店,他就受到「驚嚇」,「別人店開美美的,我的店卻黑黑臭臭,」他回顧,走訪北投的店,在暗暗的地下室,彰化田中店,則在一棟房子的四樓,沒有電梯,大熱天的,他爬得滿頭大汗。「接手一個月後,真的有點後悔,」他笑著說。 
身為1000個全聯社前員工之一,賴淑子回想自己第一次當店長的彰化溪湖店,位在市場三樓,員工每天開門第一件事就是灑水,讓粗胚的水泥地板降溫,當時整個賣場只有一台水冷氣。 
悟出商機〉便宜、省錢是兩大堅持 
不過林敏雄也從中悟出,為什麼黑黑臭臭的店,還是有生意?關鍵就是:便宜。而便宜的前提,是省成本。從此他堅持「賣便宜」和「省錢」兩個理念。...

6/12/2018

香蕉價格又崩盤

黃漢華,香蕉價格又崩盤,政府知道真相卻不敢說,遠見雜誌,2018-06-06
最近一週,香蕉因為產地一公斤剩下六元,低於成本的6.4元,且價格是近五年來最低點,台北市有菜市場一斤只賣10元,等於一個超商茶葉蛋的價格,蕉農為低價心急如焚。 
農委會繼5月底啟動第一波救助措施,以優於市場行情向農民收購2000公噸,6月4日宣布,擴大促銷1000公噸,準備消化1萬1000公噸的香蕉。...

6/11/2018

MIT 訓練出宛如精神變態的 AI

高敬原,人類夢魘的開始,MIT 訓練出宛如精神變態的 AI,數位時代,2018.06.08
我們常說有問題的不是演算法,而是餵養給演算法的訓練資料,最近在麻省理工學院媒體實驗室(The MIT Media Lab)的一項研究中,研究人員用大量不安的素材訓練一個叫「諾曼(Norman)」的人工智慧,成功訓練出帶有偏見的模型,誕生了第一個如同患有神經病的AI。

6/09/2018

The world’s most powerful supercomputer is tailor made for the AI era

Martin Giles, The world’s most powerful supercomputer is tailor made for the AI era, MIT Technology Review, June 8, 2018.
The new machine is capable, at peak performance, of 200 petaflops—200 million billion calculations a second. To put that in context, everyone on earth would have to do a calculation every second of every day for 305 days to crunch what the new machine can do in the blink of an eye. Summit is 60 percent faster than the TaihuLight and almost eight times as fast as a machine called Titan, which is also housed at Oak Ridge and held the US supercomputing speed record until Summit’s arrival. 
But it isn’t just national pride that’s at stake here. Supercomputers are already being used in industry for everything from designing new aircraft to creating new materials. Others are employed by the military to design nuclear weapons, and by scientists to conduct fundamental research. If the most powerful one is in the US, American researchers and the country’s armed forces will have an extra edge.

The team at Oak Ridge says Summit is the first supercomputer designed from the ground up to run AI applications, such as machine learning and neural networks. It has over 27,000 GPU chips from Nvidia, whose products have supercharged plenty of AI applications, and also includes some of IBM’s Power9 chips, which the company launched last year specifically for AI workloads. There’s also an ultrafast communications link for shipping data between these silicon workhorses.

6/08/2018

Blocking facial recognition surveillance using AI

John E Dunn, Blocking facial recognition surveillance using AI, 06 JUN 2018.
If the detection AI is looking for the corner of the eyes, for example, it adjusts the corner of the eyes so they’re less noticeable. It creates very subtle disturbances in the photo, but to the detector they’re significant enough to fool the system.
論文 Avishek Joey Bose and Parham Aarabi, Adversarial Attacks on Face Detectors using Neural Net based Constrained Optimization, arXiv:1805.12302v1.